Antigravity shear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus and machining method

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are an antigravity shear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus and a machining method. The grinding apparatus comprises a grinding tool configured to grind a thin-walled bearing ring and a clamping mechanism configured to clamp the thin-walled bearing ring stably. The clamping mechanism comprises a main clamping mechanism and an auxiliary clamping mechanism. The main clamping mechanism comprises an electromagnetic centerless clamp. The electromagnetic coil is arranged above the thin-walled bearing ring being ground. According to the present invention, not only can gravity of the thin-walled bearing ring and a tangential force generated by grinding be counteracted to effectively prevent extrusion deformation of the thin-walled bearing ring when being ground, but also the lubricating performance the capacity to resist load itself can be further improved and the service life of is prolonged.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a grinding apparatus and a machiningmethod, in particular to an antigravity shear-resisting anddeformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus and a machiningmethod.

BACKGROUND

Grinding refers to a machining method of excising excessive materials ona workpiece by means of a grinding material and a grinding tool.According to different process objectives and requirements, there arevarious forms of grinding process methods. In order to fit adevelopmental need, a grinding technique develops towards a direction ofprecision, low roughness, efficiency, high speed and automatic grinding.

There are many grinding forms. A usual primary grinding form is grindingwheel grinding. In the grinding process, as a part is of certain gravity(for example, a thin-walled bearing ring), a pressure is generated to anelectromagnetic centerless clamp, and when there is extrusion, therewill be deformation. During grinding, a tangential force will begenerated, and thus, a lot of relatively regularly arrangedcracks-grinding cracks usually appear on a surface substantiallyperpendicular to a grinding direction. They not only affect theappearance of the part, but also more importantly affect the precisionand quality of the part directly, so that the integral operating safetyand the service life of a major device are affected. How to solvephenomena of deformation, cracks and etc. caused by gravity andtangential force in the grinding becomes a problem demanding promptsolution in the whole industry.

SUMMARY

It is thereof an objective to overcome the problem and provide anantigravity shear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerlessgrinding apparatus. According to the grinding apparatus not only cangravity of the thin-walled bearing ring and a tangential force generatedby grinding be counteracted to effectively prevent extrusion deformationof the thin-walled bearing ring when being ground, but also thelubricating performance the capacity to resist load itself can befurther improved and the service life of is prolonged.

It is thereof another objective to provide an antigravityshear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerless grindingmachining method.

The objective of the present invention is realized by the technicalschemes as follows:

An antigravity shear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerlessgrinding apparatus includes a grinding tool configured to grind athin-walled bearing ring and a clamping mechanism configured to clampthe thin-walled bearing ring stably, wherein the clamping mechanismincludes a main clamping mechanism and an auxiliary clamping mechanism;the main clamping mechanism includes an electromagnetic centerless clampand the auxiliary clamping mechanism includes an electromagnetic coiland a center buffer clamp; the center buffer clamp is arranged on aninner side of the thin-walled bearing ring being ground; and theelectromagnetic coil is arranged above the thin-walled bearing ringbeing ground.

A working principle of the antigravity shear-resisting anddeformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus is as follows:

during work, as a thickness of the thin-walled bearing ring isrelatively small and the thin-walled bearing ring is of certain gravitywith the addition of the tangential force generated during grinding, thethin-walled bearing ring has deformation invisible to the naked eye. Itis found by verification of an experiment that the ground thin-walledbearing ring becomes elliptical and even the surface generates cracks.After gravity of the thin-walled bearing rings of different types isdetermined, the magnetic force to the thin-walled bearing ring ischanged by adjusting a number of turns, a current and a voltage of theelectromagnetic coil, such that the gravity is just counteracted andextrusion deformation is prevented. The inner side of the center bufferclamp is provided with a groove and a reinforcing rib. During machining,through the buffer layer, the tangential force generated in the grindingprocess can be counteracted, friction of the thin-walled bearing ring isreduced, the tangential force is high-temperature-resistant anddissipates heat quickly, and high-temperature, extrusion deformation andetc. of the thin-walled bearing ring are prevented.

In a preferred scheme of the present invention, the center buffer clampis of an annular structure, and an inner side surface thereof isprovided with a plurality of buffer grooves; and a buffer reinforcingrib is formed between the adjacent two buffer grooves. Through thestructure, during machining, through the buffer layer, the tangentialforce generated in the grinding process can be counteracted, friction ofthe thin-walled bearing ring is reduced, the tangential force ishigh-temperature-resistant and dissipates heat quickly, andhigh-temperature, extrusion deformation and etc. of the thin-walledbearing ring are prevented.

In a preferred scheme of the present invention, the main clampingmechanism further includes a supporting plate, the supporting plateincludes a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate, and thefirst supporting plate and the second supporting plate are symmetricallyarranged below the thin-walled bearing ring being ground.

An antigravity shear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerlessgrinding machining method, including the following steps:

(1) carrying out a preliminary experiment according to a model of ato-be-machined thin-walled bearing ring to determine gravity thereof;

(2) adjusting a parameter of an electromagnetic coil according to thegravity of the thin-walled bearing ring, such that a magnetic forcegenerated by the electromagnetic coil is counteracted with the gravityof the thin-walled bearing ring acting on the electromagnetic centerlessclamp;

(3) mounting the thin-walled bearing ring on the electromagneticcenterless clamp and mounting the center buffer clamp on an inner sideof the thin-walled bearing ring;

(4) starting a grinding tool, wherein the grinding tool machines anouter surface of the thin-walled bearing ring rotatably, and the centerbuffer clamp counteracts a tangential force from extrusion of thegrinding tool on the inner side of the thin-walled bearing ring whilegrinding; and

(5) after grinding is completed, taking the thin-walled bearing ringdown for subsequent machining.

In a preferred scheme of the present invention, in the step (2), afterthe gravity of the thin-walled bearing rings of different types isdetermined, the magnetic force to the thin-walled bearing ring ischanged by adjusting a number of turns, a current and a voltage of theelectromagnetic coil, such that the gravity is just counteracted andextrusion deformation is prevented.

In a preferred scheme of the present invention, in the step (3), theelectromagnetic coil is uniformly arranged and mounted in a middle ofthe electromagnetic centerless clamp, and the position and the number ofturns thereof can be adjusted and the electromagnetic coil is located ina position right above the thin-walled bearing ring.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the followingbeneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, after gravity of the thin-walled bearingrings of different types is determined, the magnetic force to thethin-walled bearing ring is changed by adjusting a number of turns, acurrent and a voltage of the electromagnetic coil, such that the gravityis just counteracted and extrusion deformation is prevented.

2. By arranging the center buffer clamp, the inner side of the centerbuffer clamp is provided with a groove and a reinforcing rib. Duringmachining, through the buffer layer, the tangential force generated inthe grinding process can be counteracted, friction of the thin-walledbearing ring is reduced, the tangential force ishigh-temperature-resistant and dissipates heat quickly, andhigh-temperature, extrusion deformation and etc. of the thin-walledbearing ring are prevented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a working flow diagram of the antigravity shear-resisting anddeformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus in the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 is a brief structural diagram of the antigravity shear-resistingand deformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand thetechnical scheme of the present invention, further description on thepresent invention will be made below in combination of embodiments anddrawings. But the implementation modes of the present invention are notlimited herein.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, the antigravity shear-resisting anddeformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus in the embodimentincludes a grinding tool 2 configured to grind a thin-walled bearingring 5 and a clamping mechanism configured to clamp the thin-walledbearing ring 5 stably, wherein the clamping mechanism includes a mainclamping mechanism and an auxiliary clamping mechanism; the mainclamping mechanism includes an electromagnetic centerless clamp 1 andthe auxiliary clamping mechanism includes an electromagnetic coil 3 anda center buffer clamp 4; the center buffer clamp 4 is arranged on aninner side of the thin-walled bearing ring 5 being ground; and theelectromagnetic coil is arranged above the thin-walled bearing ring 5being ground.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, the center buffer clamp 4 is of anannular structure, and an inner side surface thereof is provided with aplurality of buffer grooves; a buffer reinforcing rib is formed betweenadjacent two buffer grooves; and the center buffer clamp 4 is arrangedon the electromagnetic centerless clamp 1. Through the structure, duringmachining, through the buffer layer, the tangential force generated inthe grinding process can be counteracted, friction of the thin-walledbearing ring 5 is reduced, the tangential force ishigh-temperature-resistant and dissipates heat quickly, andhigh-temperature, extrusion deformation and etc. of the thin-walledbearing ring are prevented.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, the main clamping mechanism furtherincludes a supporting plate, the supporting plate includes a firstsupporting plate 6 and a second supporting plate 7, and the firstsupporting plate 6 and the second supporting plate 7 are symmetricallyarranged below the thin-walled bearing ring 5 being ground.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, a working principle of the antigravityshear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerless grindingapparatus in the embodiment is as follows:

during work, as a thickness of the thin-walled bearing ring 5 isrelatively small and the thin-walled bearing ring 5 is of certaingravity with the addition of the tangential force generated duringgrinding, the thin-walled bearing ring has deformation invisible to thenaked eye. It is found by verification of an experiment that the groundthin-walled bearing ring 5 becomes elliptical and even the surfacegenerates cracks. After gravity of the thin-walled bearing rings 5 ofdifferent types is determined, the magnetic force to the thin-walledbearing ring 5 is changed by adjusting a number of turns, a current anda voltage of the electromagnetic coil 3, such that the gravity is justcounteracted and extrusion deformation is prevented. The inner side ofthe center buffer clamp 4 is provided with a groove and a reinforcingrib. During machining, through the buffer layer, the tangential forcegenerated in the grinding process can be counteracted, friction of thethin-walled bearing ring is reduced, the tangential force ishigh-temperature-resistant and dissipates heat quickly, andhigh-temperature, extrusion deformation and etc. of the thin-walledbearing ring 5 are prevented.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, the antigravity shear-resisting anddeformation-eliminating centerless grinding machining method in theembodiment includes the following steps:

(1) a preliminary experiment is carried out according to a model of ato-be-machined thin-walled bearing ring to determine gravity thereof;

(2) a parameter of an electromagnetic coil 3 is adjusted according tothe gravity of the thin-walled bearing ring 5, such that a magneticforce generated by the electromagnetic coil 3 is counteracted with thegravity of the thin-walled bearing ring 5 acting on the electromagneticcenterless clamp 1;

(3) the thin-walled bearing ring 5 is mounted on the electromagneticcenterless clamp 1 and the center buffer clamp 4 is mounted on an innerside of the thin-walled bearing ring 4;

(4) a grinding tool 2 is started, wherein the grinding tool 2 machinesan outer surface of the thin-walled bearing ring 5 rotatably, and thecenter buffer clamp 4 counteracts a tangential force from extrusion ofthe grinding tool 2 on the inner side of the thin-walled bearing ring 5while the thin-walled bearing ring is ground; and

(5) after grinding is completed, the thin-walled bearing ring is takendown for subsequent machining.

Further, in the step (2), after the gravity of the thin-walled bearingrings 5 of different types is determined, the magnetic force to thethin-walled bearing ring 5 is changed by adjusting a number of turns, acurrent and a voltage of the electromagnetic coil 3, such that thegravity is just counteracted and extrusion deformation is prevented.

Further, in the step (3), the electromagnetic coil 3 is uniformlyarranged and mounted in a middle of the electromagnetic centerless clamp1, and the position and the number of turns thereof can be adjusted andthe electromagnetic coil is located in a position right above thethin-walled bearing ring 5.

The above are preferred modes of execution of the present invention. Themodes of execution of the present invention are not limited by thecontent. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinationsand simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principleof the present invention shall be equivalent substitute modes and shallcome within the protection scope of the present invention.

1. An antigravity shear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerlessgrinding apparatus, comprising a grinding tool configured to grind athin-walled bearing ring and a clamping mechanism configured to clampthe thin-walled bearing ring stably, wherein the clamping mechanismcomprises a main clamping mechanism and an auxiliary clamping mechanism;the main clamping mechanism comprises an electromagnetic centerlessclamp and the auxiliary clamping mechanism comprises an electromagneticcoil and a center buffer clamp; the center buffer clamp is arranged onan inner side of the thin-walled bearing ring being ground; and theelectromagnetic coil is arranged above the thin-walled bearing ringbeing ground.
 2. The antigravity shear-resisting anddeformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus according to claim1, wherein the center buffer clamp is of an annular structure, and aninner side surface thereof is provided with a plurality of buffergrooves; and a buffer reinforcing rib is formed between the adjacent twobuffer grooves.
 3. The antigravity shear-resisting anddeformation-eliminating centerless grinding apparatus according to claim1, wherein the main clamping mechanism further comprises a supportingplate, the supporting plate comprises a first supporting plate and asecond supporting plate, and the first supporting plate and the secondsupporting plate are symmetrically arranged below the thin-walledbearing ring being ground.
 4. An antigravity shear-resisting anddeformation-eliminating centerless grinding machining method, comprisingthe following steps: (1) carrying out a preliminary experiment accordingto a model of a to-be-machined thin-walled bearing ring to determinegravity thereof; (2) adjusting a parameter of an electromagnetic coilaccording to the gravity of the thin-walled bearing ring, such that amagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil is counteractedwith the gravity of the thin-walled bearing ring acting on theelectromagnetic centerless clamp; (3) mounting the thin-walled bearingring on the electromagnetic centerless clamp and mounting the centerbuffer clamp on an inner side of the thin-walled bearing ring; (4)starting a grinding tool, wherein the grinding tool machines an outersurface of the thin-walled bearing ring rotatably, and the center bufferclamp counteracts a tangential force from extrusion of the grinding toolon the inner side of the thin-walled bearing ring while the thin-walledbearing ring is ground; and (5) after grinding is completed, taking thethin-walled bearing ring down for subsequent machining.
 5. Theantigravity shear-resisting and deformation-eliminating centerlessgrinding machining method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2),after the gravity of the thin-walled bearing rings of different types isdetermined, the magnetic force to the thin-walled bearing ring ischanged by adjusting a number of turns, a current and a voltage of theelectromagnetic coil, such that the gravity is just counteracted andextrusion deformation is prevented.
 6. The antigravity shear-resistingand deformation-eliminating centerless grinding machining methodaccording to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the electromagnetic coilis uniformly arranged and mounted in a middle of the electromagneticcenterless clamp, and the position and the number of turns thereof canbe adjusted and the electromagnetic coil is located in a position rightabove the thin-walled bearing ring.